| Animal sciences & veterinary medicine |
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| Effects of alfalfa meal with different particle sizes on production performance and blood biochemical index of Yangzhou goose |
| ZHAO Qianming, ZHU Longji, ZHAN Kang, HUO Yongjiu, ZHAO Guoqi* |
| (College of Animal Science and Technology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, Jiangsu, China) |
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Abstract Alfalfa is one of the most important forage legume species in China and famous as“king of grass”. The nutrients in alfalfa can effectively increase the productivity and body immunity of animals. Relative reports suggested that addition of appropriate amount of alfalfa in forage can improve the production performance of animals, such as fattening pigs, sows, laying hens, rabbits and aquatic animals. Due to poor palatability and bad absorbing ability, the development and application of alfalfa was greatly restricted. However, alfalfa pellet feed can promote flavor and improve palatability, meanwhile reduce the waste of alfalfa resources. Previous research suggestes that as particle size of animal feed decreases, the contact between nutrients and digestive enzymes possibly increases, and the digestibility of nutrients can be improved simultaneously. Therefore, technical adjustment on particle size, color, flavor and palatability of the alfalfa feed is of great importance in raising livestock and poultry. The objective of this study was to investigate the effect of alfalfa meal with different particle sizes on production performance, meat quality and blood biochemical index of Yangzhou goose, and provide theoretical reference of optimal particle size for production of alfalfa meal. In this study, 180 Yangzhou geese (half male and half female) with similar initial body mass were selected as test materials. They were divided into three groups randomly (experiment a groupsⅠ, Ⅱand Ⅲ), and each group had five replications with 12 geese per each replication. The three groups were fed with alfalfa meal with particle sizes of 272.0, 301.2 and 391.3 μm, respectively, and the whole experiment lasted for 42 days. Results indicated that there were no significant difference in final mass after 49 days (P>0.05); the average daily feed intake and average daily gain in the experiment a groupⅡwere significantly higher than that of the experiment a groupⅠ(P<0.05). After 70 days, the average daily gain in the groupⅠwas significantly higher than the group Ⅲ(P<0.05); the carcass mass, breast muscle mass and breast muscle ratio in the groupⅡ increased significantly compared with the group Ⅲ; the masses of tibia and bursa of Fabricius and pH of leg muscle in the groupⅠwere significantly higher than the group Ⅱ (P<0.05); the masses of heart, liver and spleen in the groupⅠwere significantly higher than the group Ⅲ (P<0.05); the shear forces of breast muscle in groupsⅠandⅡwere significantly higher than the group Ⅲ (P<0.05); the water-holding of leg muscle capacity in the groups the Ⅱ and Ⅲ was significantly higher than the group Ⅰ (P<0.05); the total cholesterol and low density lipoprotein cholesterol in the groupⅠwere significantly low compared with the groups Ⅱ and Ⅲ (P<0.05). In conclusion, the optimal particle size for alfalfa feed should be 272.0 μm. The pellet diet can effectively increase the production performance of Yangzhou goose, and promote the development of organs as well as the blood biochemical indexes.
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Published: 25 March 2017
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Corresponding Authors:
ZHAO Guoqi(http://orcid.org/0000-0001-8020-2400)，Tel:+86-514-87997195，E-mail: gqzhao@yzu.edu.cn
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不同粉碎粒度苜蓿草粉对扬州鹅生产性能和血液生化指标的影响
选用180只28日龄且体质量相近的扬州鹅，公母各半，将其随机分为3组（试验组Ⅰ、试验组Ⅱ和试验组 Ⅲ），每组5个重复，每个重复12只，分别饲喂含有粉碎粒度为272.0、301.2和391.3 μm的苜蓿草粉日粮，试验期为42 d，研究不同粉碎粒度苜蓿草粉对鹅生产性能、肉品质和血液生化指标的影响。结果表明：在49日龄，各组扬州鹅的末质量差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)，试验组Ⅱ（粉碎粒度为301.2 μm）的鹅平均日采食量和平均日增质量在统计学上显著高于试验组Ⅰ（粉碎粒度为272.0 μm）（P<0.05）；在70日龄，试验组Ⅰ的平均日增质量显著高于试验组Ⅲ（粉碎粒度为391.3 μm）（P<0.05）；试验组Ⅱ的屠体质量、胸肌质量和胸肌率显著高于试验组Ⅲ（P<0.05)；胫骨质量、法氏囊质量和腿肌pH值试验组Ⅰ显著高于试验组Ⅱ（P<0.05)；试验组Ⅰ的鹅心脏质量、肝脏质量和脾脏质量显著高于试验组Ⅲ（P<0.05)；试验组Ⅰ和Ⅱ的胸肌剪切力显著高于试验组Ⅲ（P<0.05）；试验组Ⅰ的胸肌系水力和胸肌剪切力显著高于试验组Ⅲ（P<0.05）；试验组Ⅱ和Ⅲ的腿肌系水力显著高于试验组Ⅰ（P<0.05）；试验组Ⅰ的鹅血清总胆固醇含量和低密度脂蛋白含量显著低于试验组Ⅱ和Ⅲ（P<0.05)。综上表明，苜蓿草粉颗粒料能够提高扬州鹅屠宰性能，促进器官发育和改善血液生化指标。其中，以272.0 μm苜蓿草粉碎粒度饲喂的效果最佳。
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