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浙江大学学报(理学版)  2023, Vol. 50 Issue (1): 121-130    DOI: 10.3785/j.issn.1008-9497.2023.01.015
城市科学     
双碳目标下县域空间的减碳潜力与策略路径
周从越,王竹,裘知(),张钊
浙江大学 建筑工程学院,浙江 杭州 310058
Carbon reduction potential and strategic path of county space under dual carbon targets: Based on analysis and allocation of carbon emission rights in Zhejiang province
Congyue ZHOU,Zhu WANG,Zhi QIU(),Zhao ZHANG
College of Civil Engineering and Architecture,Zhejiang University,Hangzhou 310058,China
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摘要:

在双碳目标的驱动下,碳排放权愈发成为重要的地区发展权,在县域层面落实落位碳额分配是我国深入减碳的焦点,浙江省将在“十四五”时期进入局部率先达峰的二级减碳阶段。为分解落实我国自主减碳目标,采用熵权法构建以公平性、效率性、可持续性为原则的碳排放权分配模型,基于碳排放空间与减碳潜力测算方法,得到2017—2030年浙江省89个县(市、区)的碳排放权分配、碳排放空间分类和减碳潜力分级。结果表明,碳排放权分配在县域层级存在空间差异性,在省域层级存在空间平衡性;碳排放空间分类呈“南余北赤”模式;减碳潜力分级表现为“东高西低”的空间格局。鉴于对县(市、区)不同碳排机理的归纳与解析,提出了逐级修正的减碳路径与策略。

关键词: 双碳目标碳排放权分配碳排放空间减碳潜力策略路径    
Abstract:

Driven by the goal of carbon neutrality, carbon emission rights have become increasingly important regional development rights. How to implement carbon allocation at the county level will become the focus of China's in-depth carbon reduction. In the 14th Five-Year Plan period, Zhejiang province will enter the second stage of carbon reduction. In order to decompose and implement China's independent carbon reduction targets, the entropy weight method is adopted to build a carbon emission rights allocation model based on the principle of "equity-efficiency-sustainability". Based on the calculation method of carbon reduction space and potential, we attain the allocation of carbon emission rights, spatial classification of carbon emissions and carbon reduction potential classification for Zhejiang counties from 2017 to 2030. The results show that there exhibits a spatial difference in individual carbon emission right allocation at the county level and spatial balance at the province level. The spatial classification of carbon emissions shows a pattern of "surplus in the south and deficit in the north". The classification of carbon reduction potential shows a spatial pattern of "high in the east and low in the west". Based on the summary and analysis of different carbon emission mechanisms of districts and counties, the carbon reduction paths and strategies are put forward.

Key words: dual carbon target    allocation of carbon emission rights    carbon emission space    carbon reduction potential    strategy path
收稿日期: 2022-04-18 出版日期: 2023-01-13
CLC:  K 921  
基金资助: 国家自然科学基金重点项目(51238011)
通讯作者: 裘知     E-mail: qiuzhi0710@zju.edu.cn
作者简介: 周从越(1997—),ORCID:https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1508-7693,男,博士研究生,主要从事低碳人居环境研究.
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引用本文:

周从越,王竹,裘知,张钊. 双碳目标下县域空间的减碳潜力与策略路径[J]. 浙江大学学报(理学版), 2023, 50(1): 121-130.

Congyue ZHOU,Zhu WANG,Zhi QIU,Zhao ZHANG. Carbon reduction potential and strategic path of county space under dual carbon targets: Based on analysis and allocation of carbon emission rights in Zhejiang province. Journal of Zhejiang University (Science Edition), 2023, 50(1): 121-130.

链接本文:

https://www.zjujournals.com/sci/CN/10.3785/j.issn.1008-9497.2023.01.015        https://www.zjujournals.com/sci/CN/Y2023/V50/I1/121

原则维度指标方向数据来源参考文献
公平性社会维度人口数(x1+各市统计年鉴和统计公报5131821-22
经济维度GDP(x2+各市统计年鉴和统计公报
环境维度历史碳排放量(x3-各市能源统计年鉴、中国碳核算数据库(carbon emission accounts and datasets,CEADs)县级清单
效率性社会维度研发能力(x4+各市统计年鉴和统计公报51121-2231
经济维度碳生产力(x5+各市统计年鉴和统计公报
环境维度煤炭消耗比(x6-各市能源统计年鉴
可持续性社会维度城镇化率(x7-各市统计年鉴和统计公报5182231-32
经济维度第三产业占比(x8+各市统计年鉴和统计公报
环境维度自然碳汇量(x9+CEADs县级清单
表1  碳排放权分配指标体系
原则指标指标度量单位熵值信息效用值指标权重原则权重
公平性人口数人口数万人0.9640.0360.0600.393
GDPGDP亿元0.9440.0560.092
历史碳排放量历史累计碳排放量Mt0.8540.1470.241
效率性研发能力研发支出/GDP%0.9290.0710.1180.443
碳生产力GDP/碳排放量百元·t-10.9010.0950.156
煤炭消耗比煤炭数量/能源总量%0.8980.1020.169
可持续性城镇化率城镇人口数量/总人口数量%0.9690.0310.0520.164
第三产业占比第三产业GDP/GDP%0.9930.0070.011
自然碳汇量林木、作物等吸碳量万t0.9390.0610.101
表2  熵值法下指标的赋权情况
碳排放权配额/Mt所含地区
46.41~60.24婺城区、天台县、椒江区、三门县、海盐县、富阳区、桐乡市、路桥区、定海区、平湖市、柯城区、衢江区、德清县、嘉善县、吴兴区、东阳市、长兴县、兰溪市、莲都区、南浔区、南湖区、秀洲区、金东区
60.24~67.12余姚市、玉环市、瓯海区、龙湾区、奉化区、武义县、常山县、仙居县、临海市、镇海区、越城区、宁海县、北仑区、浦江县、黄岩区、建德市、桐庐县、海宁市、平阳县、安吉县、上虞区、龙游县
67.12~81.76鹿城区、诸暨市、新昌县、缙云县、永康市、萧山区、柯桥区、乐清市、普陀区、西湖区、象山县、温岭市、江山市、文成县、青田县、嵊州市、永嘉县、临安区、江北区、拱墅区、义乌市、苍南县
81.76~359.31嵊泗县、洞头区、磐安县、海曙区、上城区、下城区、景宁县、岱山县、滨江区、江干区、庆元县、泰顺县、鄞州区、松阳县、遂昌县、余杭区、开化县、慈溪市、瑞安市、龙泉市、淳安县、云和县
表3  2017—2030年浙江省县域碳排放权配额
图1  2017—2030年浙江省县域碳排放权配额注 基于自然资源部地图技术审查中心标准地图服务网站下载的标准地图(审图号为GS(2016)2556号)制作,底图无修改。
分类碳排放空间/Mt县(市、区)数代表地
充分盈余4.29~25.5519嵊泗县、洞头区、磐安县、海曙区
略微盈余0.21~3.9139缙云县、普陀区、新昌县、江山市
轻度赤字-2.70~-0.0521柯桥区、富阳区、温岭市、临海市
重度赤字-12.89~-2.7710萧山区、慈溪市、义乌市、余杭区
表4  浙江省县域碳排放空间分类
图2  浙江省县域碳排放空间分类情况注 基于自然资源部地图技术审查中心标准地图服务网站下载的标准地图(审图号为GS(2016)2556号)制作,底图无修改。
分级减碳潜力值县(市、区)数代表地
一级0.386~0.55615余杭区、鄞州区、慈溪市、滨江区
二级0.300~0.38619鹿城区、永康市、洞头区、余姚市
三级0.242~0.30032婺城区、桐乡市、江山市、新昌县
四级0.201~0.24223松阳县、东阳市、南湖区、遂昌县
表5  浙江省县域减碳潜力分级结果
图3  浙江省县域减碳潜力分级情况注 基于自然资源部地图技术审查中心标准地图服务网站下载的标准地图(审图号为GS(2016)2556号)制作,底图无修改。
图4  浙江省县域“碳排放空间—减碳潜力”四象限
象限县(市、区)数社会维度均值经济维度均值环境维度均值
A 高空间低潜力400.890.750.54
B 高空间高潜力181.201.180.64
C 低空间高潜力161.561.150.32
D 低空间低潜力151.000.830.26
浙江省县域891.090.920.47
表6  浙江省县域“环境-经济-社会”三维评价
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