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| The role of neutrophils in asthma |
CHEN Fei( ),YU Min,ZHONG Yonghong,HUA Wen,HUANG Huaqiong() |
| Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine，the Second Affiliated Hospital，Zhejiang University School of Medicine，Hangzhou 310009，China |
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Abstract Bronchial asthma is a chronic respiratory disease，characterized by airway inflammation，airway hyperresponsiveness，reversible airway obstruction and airway remodeling，in which a variety of cells including airway inflammatory cells and structural cells are involved. Previous studies have shown that asthma is mainly driven by Th2 cytokines IL-4，IL-5，and IL-13，leading to airway eosinophil inflammation. With further research，however，it has been found that neutrophils are also closely related to asthma. Numbers of neutrophils are elevated in airway through increased chemotaxis and decreased apoptosis，which is earlier than eosinophils，leading to airway neutrophilic inflammation. Neutrophils can produce elastase，myeloperoxidase，neutrophil extra- cellular traps，chemokines and cytokines，participating in the occurrence and development of asthma. The antagonists against these molecules，such as anti-IL-8 receptor antibody，anti-IL-17 antibody，and DNase，have shown positive effects on neutrophilic asthma，but further studies are needed to support their clinical application. This article mainly reviews the role of neutrophils in asthma and related mechanisms.
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Received: 14 September 2020
Published: 14 May 2021
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Corresponding Authors:
HUANG Huaqiong
E-mail: chenfei66@zju.edu.cn;zr_hhq@zju.edu.cn
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中性粒细胞在哮喘中的地位和作用
支气管哮喘是由多种细胞包括气道的炎性细胞和结构细胞及细胞组分参与的气道慢性炎症性疾病，其特征为气道炎症、气道高反应性、可逆性气道阻塞和气道重塑。以往哮喘被认为主要由2型炎症因子驱动，Th2细胞分泌IL-4、IL-5和IL-13，引起气道嗜酸性粒细胞炎症。随着研究的深入，发现中性粒细胞与哮喘炎症过程也存在密切关系。哮喘患者气道中的中性粒细胞在趋化增加的同时凋亡下降，从而导致中性粒细胞数量增多。中性粒细胞比嗜酸性粒细胞更早到达，通过产生弹性蛋白酶、髓过氧化物酶、中性粒细胞胞外诱捕网、趋化因子和细胞因子等，参与哮喘的发生及发展过程。针对这些效应分子的拮抗剂如抗IL-8受体抗体、抗IL-17抗体，DNA酶显示出对中性粒细胞哮喘的治疗作用，但应用于临床还需要更多的实验数据支持。本文主要就中性粒细胞在哮喘中的地位和作用作一综述。
关键词：
中性粒细胞,
哮喘,
中性粒细胞哮喘,
治疗; 综述
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