Expert consensus on diagnosis and treatment of very long-chain acyl-CoA dehydrogenase deficiency

doi:10.3724/zdxbyxb-2022-0107

J Zhejiang Univ (Med Sci)

2022, Vol. 51

Issue (1): 122-128 DOI: 10.3724/zdxbyxb-2022-0107

Expert consensus on diagnosis and treatment of very long-chain acyl-CoA dehydrogenase deficiency

LIN Wenhui

Division of Biochemistry and Metabolism, Medical Genetics Branch, Chinese Medical Association; Division of Genetics and Metabolism, Child Diseases and Health Care Branch, Chinese Association for Maternal and Child Health

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Abstract

Very long-chain acyl-CoA dehydrogenase (VLCAD) deficiency is a metabolic disease of long chain fatty acid oxidation. The clinical manifestations are heterogeneous, mainly with heart, liver, skeletal muscle and brain damage, and the onset of which can be from newborn to adult. Cardiomyopathy type is more serious with high mortality. The liver failure type and myopathy type would be potentially lethal, but generally the prognosis is relatively good. Recurrent hypoglycemia, energy metabolism disorder, liver dysfunction, cardiomyopathy and serious arrhythmia are the main causes of death. Most patients can be identified through neonatal screening, and the prognosis is usually good in patients with early diagnosis and treatment. The purpose of this consensus is to standardize the diagnosis, treatment and management of VLCAD deficiency, so as to improve the prognosis of patients and reduce death and disability.

Key words： Very long-chain acyl-CoA dehydrogenase deficiency Autosomal recessive disease Fatty acid β-oxidation Neonatal screening Expert consensus

Received: 10 October 2021 Published: 17 May 2022

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Cite this article:

LIN Wenhui. Expert consensus on diagnosis and treatment of very long-chain acyl-CoA dehydrogenase deficiency. J Zhejiang Univ (Med Sci), 2022, 51(1): 122-128.

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https://www.zjujournals.com/med/10.3724/zdxbyxb-2022-0107 OR https://www.zjujournals.com/med/Y2022/V51/I1/122

极长链酰基辅酶A脱氢酶缺乏症筛诊治专家共识

极长链酰基辅酶A脱氢酶（VLCAD）缺乏症是一种长链脂肪酸氧化代谢障碍性疾病，临床表现有明显异质性，新生儿到成年均可发病，以心脏、肝脏、骨骼肌及脑损害为主。其中，心肌病型较为凶险，病死率高；肝病型和肌病型预后相对较好，但具有潜在致死性；反复发作的低血糖、能量代谢障碍、肝功能损害、心肌病或严重心律失常是导致患者死亡的主要原因。通过新生儿筛查可以早期发现绝大多数患者，及早诊治者预后良好。本共识旨在规范VLCAD缺乏症的筛查、诊断及治疗管理，以改善患者预后，减少患者死亡和残障。

关键词： 极长链酰基辅酶A脱氢酶缺乏症, 常染色体隐性遗传病, 脂肪酸β氧化, 新生儿筛查, 专家共识

Table 1 Recommended diet for patients with VLCAD deficiency

Table 2 Essential fatty acid content of selected oils


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