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浙江大学学报（医学版）
浙江大学学报（医学版）  2020, Vol. 49 Issue (4): 474-479    DOI: 10.3785/j.issn.1008-9292.2020.08.06
2019冠状病毒病     
2019冠状病毒病疫情期间湖北省医务人员未成年子女心理行为研究
郭黎1,2(),柏石倩3(),范静怡2,3,*()
1. 武汉市第三医院儿科, 湖北 武汉 430074
2. 武汉大学第二临床学院(武汉大学中南医院)儿科, 湖北 武汉 430071
3. 武汉大学发展与教育心理学研究所, 湖北 武汉 430072
Psychological and behavior status of minor children of medical staff during the COVID-19 epidemic in Hubei province
GUO Li1,2(),BAI Shiqian3(),FAN Jingyi2,3,*()
1. Department of Pediatrics, Wuhan Third Municipal Hospital, Wuhan 430074, China
2. Department of Pediatrics, Second Clinical College of Wuhan University, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan 430071, China
3. Developmental and Educational Psychology Research Institute of Wuhan University, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, China
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摘要：

目的: 调查2019冠状病毒病（COVID-19）疫情期间湖北省医务人员未成年子女心理行为状态。方法: 采取横断面调查方法，于2020年3月13至15日通过问卷星在微信群及朋友圈中发放调查问卷，包括一般资料调查表及Conners父母症状问卷（PSQ）。问卷全部填写完毕方可提交，通过IP地址剔除湖北省外的问卷，同时剔除答题时间过短（答题时间少于150 s）的问卷。分析父母职业状态对不同年龄组儿童心理行为状态的影响。结果: 本次调查共回收有效问卷391份，其中男性207名（52.9%），女性184名（47.1%）；3~ < 6岁91名（23.3%），6~ < 10岁183名（46.8%），10~16岁117名（29.9%）；父母均为医务人员87名（22.3%），父母一方为医务人员139名（35.5%），父母均非医务人员165名（42.2%）。无论父母是否为医务人员，3~ < 6岁儿童的PSQ得分在各因子水平差异均无统计学意义（均P>0.05）；父母均为医务人员的6~ < 10岁儿童的多动-冲动因子得分、学习问题因子得分和总分均高于父母均非医务人员的同龄儿童（均P < 0.05），学习问题因子得分高于父母一方为医务人员的同龄儿童（P < 0.05），父母一方或均为医务人员的子女焦虑因子得分高于父母均非医务人员的子女（均P < 0.05）；父母一方为医务人员的10~16岁儿童的品行问题、学习问题、多动-冲动、多动指数及总分均低于父母均为医务人员或父母均非医务人员的同龄儿童（P < 0.05或P < 0.01），而身心问题、焦虑因子得分与其他两组差异无统计学意义（均P>0.05）。结论: COVID-19疫情期间，湖北省医务人员与非医务人员未成年子女心理行为状态随着年龄段不同而表现出差异，3~ < 6岁学龄前儿童心理行为状态无明显差异，而6~ < 10岁和10~16岁医务人员子女心理行为状态差于非医务人员子女心理行为状态，需对该年龄段医务人员子女心理行为状态予以关注。
关键词： 2019冠状病毒病;  儿童;  心理学, 社会    
Abstract:

Objective: To investigate the psychological and behavior status of minor children of medical staff in Hubei province during the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) epidemic. Methods: A cross-sectional questionnaire survey was conducted through WeChat from March 13 to 15, 2020, which included a general data questionnaire and Conners parental assessment questionnaire (PSQ). The questionnaires received from outside of Hubei province were excluded through IP address, and the questionnaires with answer time < 150 s were also excluded. The influence of parental work status on the psychological behavior was analyzed in children of different age groups. Results: A total of 391 valid questionnaires were collected, there were 207 males (52.9%) and 184 females (47.1%); 91 (23.3%) aged 3 to 6, 183 (46.8%) aged 6 to 10, and 117 (29.9%) aged 10 to 16. Both parents were medical staff in 87 participants(22.3%), one parent was medical staff in 139(35.5%) participants, and no parents were medical staff in 165 (42.2%) participants. In 3- < 6 years group, there was no significant difference in the PSQ scores of the children in each factor level (all P>0.05) between children with parents as medical staff and those without. In 6- < 10 years group, children with both parents as medical staff had higher hyperactivity-impulse factor score, learning problem factor score and total score than those without parents as medical staff (all P < 0.05), while they had higher learning problem factor score than those with one parent as medical staff (P < 0.05); the anxiety score of children with one or both parents as medical staff was higher than that of those without parents as medical staff (all P < 0.05). In 10 to 16 years group, the behavior problems, learning problems, hyperactivity-impulse, more dynamic index and the total score in children with one parent as medical staff were lower than those with both parents as medical staff or without parents as medical staff (P < 0.05 or P < 0.01); while there were no significant differences in psychosomatic problems, anxiety factor scores between children with one parent as medical staff and other two groups (all P>0.05). Conclusions: During COVID-19 epidemic period, the psychological and behavior status of minor children of Hubei medical staff with different ages shows differences with those without parents as medical staff, particularly in 6- < 10 years and 10 to 16 year groups. It is necessary to pay attention to the psychological and behavioral status of children of medical staff in these age groups.
Key words: Coronavirus disease 2019    Child    Psychology, social
收稿日期: 2020-04-22 出版日期: 2020-09-27
:  R395.1  
通讯作者: 范静怡     E-mail: 276312436@qq.com;2018201180103@whu.edu.cn;jfan@whu.edu.cn
作者简介: 郭黎(1982-), 男, 硕士研究生, 主治医师, 主要从事新生儿学、发育与行为儿科学研究; E-mail: 276312436@qq.com; https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8765-1305|柏石倩(1996-), 女, 硕士研究生, 主要从事发展与教育心理学研究; E-mail: 2018201180103@whu.edu.cn; https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8577-0538
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郭黎,柏石倩,范静怡. 2019冠状病毒病疫情期间湖北省医务人员未成年子女心理行为研究[J]. 浙江大学学报（医学版）, 2020, 49(4): 474-479.

GUO Li,BAI Shiqian,FAN Jingyi. Psychological and behavior status of minor children of medical staff during the COVID-19 epidemic in Hubei province. J Zhejiang Univ (Med Sci), 2020, 49(4): 474-479.

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http://www.zjujournals.com/med/CN/10.3785/j.issn.1008-9292.2020.08.06    或    http://www.zjujournals.com/med/CN/Y2020/V49/I4/474

组别 n 品行问题 学习问题 身心问题 多动-冲动 焦虑 多动指数 总分
“—”：无相关数据.
父母均非医务人员 33 0.59±0.36 0.74±0.56 0.06±0.13 0.58±0.48 0.31±0.36 0.60±0.41 2.89±1.74
父母一方为医务人员 37 0.42±0.33 0.49±0.44 0.04±0.08 0.33±0.33 0.29±0.30 0.38±0.34 1.94±1.52
父母均为医务人员 21 0.46±0.40 0.50±0.39 0.02±0.09 0.52±0.56 0.27±0.38 0.51±0.44 2.29±1.98
F值 — 2.11 2.88 1.11 3.04 0.08 2.78 2.66
P值 — ＞0.05 ＞0.05 ＞0.05 ＞0.05 ＞0.05 ＞0.05 ＞0.05
表 1  父母是否为医务人员对3~＜6岁儿童Conners父母症状问卷得分的影响
组别 n 品行问题 学习问题 身心问题 多动-冲动 焦虑 多动指数 总分
“—”：无相关数据.与父母均非为医务人员比较，*P＜0.05；与父母一方为医务人员组比较，#P＜0.05.
父母均非医务人员 94 0.41±0.30 0.64±0.46 0.07±0.17 0.38±0.40 0.24±0.26 0.44±0.33 2.18±1.47
父母一方为医务人员 57 0.47±0.46 0.70±0.46* 0.07±0.13 0.50±0.54 0.38±0.39* 0.53±0.45 2.64±2.08
父母均为医务人员 32 0.54±0.32 0.91±0.47*# 0.06±0.09 0.63±0.52* 0.36±0.39* 0.60±0.37 3.11±1.80*
F值 — 1.73 4.29 0.06 3.62 3.71 2.63 3.75
P值 — ＞0.05 ＜0.05 ＞0.05 ＜0.05 ＜0.05 ＞0.05 ＜0.05
表 2  父母是否为医务人员对6~＜10岁儿童Conners父母症状问卷得分的影响
组别 n 品行问题 学习问题 身心问题 多动-冲动 焦虑 多动指数 总分
“—”：无相关数据.与父母一方为医务人员比较，*P＜0.05.
父母均非医务人员 38 0.52±0.40* 0.89±0.60* 0.11±0.17 0.49±0.56* 0.31±0.36 0.53±0.42* 2.85±1.95*
父母一方为医务人员 45 0.30±0.28 0.47±0.46 0.08±0.21 0.15±0.25 0.19±0.24 0.25±0.25 1.44±1.34
父母均为医务人员 34 0.50±0.49* 0.85±0.70* 0.09±0.17 0.36±0.37* 0.24±0.25 0.49±0.41* 2.53±1.81*
F值 — 4.22 6.61 0.34 7.30 1.69 7.37 7.89
P值 — ＜0.05 ＜0.01 ＞0.05 ＜0.01 ＞0.05 ＜0.01 ＜0.01
表 3  父母是否为医务人员对10~16岁儿童Conners父母症状问卷得分的影响
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