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浙江大学学报（医学版）
浙江大学学报（医学版）  2017, Vol. 46 Issue (1): 97-105    DOI: 10.3785/j.issn.1008-9292.2017.02.15
综述     
糖尿病溃疡动物模型的建立及相关治疗研究进展
高思倩1(),沈咏梅2,耿福能2,李艳华3,高建青1,3,*()
(1) 浙江大学药学院药物制剂研究所, 浙江 杭州 310058
(2) 四川好医生药业集团有限公司, 四川 成都 610000
(3) 江苏省新型外用及透皮制剂工程技术研究中心, 江苏 常州 213000
Research progress on the animal models and treatment strategies of diabetic foot ulcer
GAO Siqian1(),SHEN Yongmei2,GENG Funeng2,LI Yanhua3,GAO Jianqing1,3,*()
(1) Institute of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
(2) Sichuan Gooddoctor Pharmaceutical Group Co., Ltd., Chengdu 610000, China
(3) Jiangsu Engineering Research Center for New-Type External and Transdermal Preparations, Changzhou 213000, China
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摘要：

为了更好地探索糖尿病足的发病机制，并为其治疗研究提供依据，需要建立适宜的糖尿病足实验动物模型。目前，最为常用的动物模型采用鼠类；根据模型建立方式的不同，可分为模拟病理因素的动物模型和模拟临床病征的动物模型两大类。随着糖尿病溃疡致病机制研究的深入，近年来相应的治疗策略如抑制基质金属蛋白酶的表达、促进血管新生、抗炎治疗等研究也取得了长足进展。本文概述了上述研究进展。
关键词： 糖尿病足/病理学;  糖尿病足/治疗;  疾病模型, 动物;  综述    
Abstract:

The suitable experimental animal model is important in research of pathogenesis and therapeutic strategies of diabetic foot ulcer, and the murine model is the most commonly used one at present. It can be divided into two types: the animal model simulating pathological conditions and the model simulating clinical symptoms. This article reviews the current research progress on the mechanisms of diabetic ulcer pathogenesis, and relevant treatment strategies, including the inhibition of matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) expression, promotion of angiogenesis and anti-inflammatory therapy.
Key words: Diabetic foot/pathology    Diabetic foot/therapy    Disease models, animal    Review
收稿日期: 2016-08-24 出版日期: 2017-07-06
CLC:  R587.1  
基金资助: 浙江省卫生高层次创新人才培养工程
通讯作者: 高建青     E-mail: 13657656063@163.com;gaojianqing@zju.edu.cn
作者简介: 高思倩 (1993-), 女, 硕士研究生, 主要从事糖尿病溃疡外用制剂的研究; E-mail:13657656063@163.com|高建青 (1969-), 男, 博士, 教授, 博士生导师, 主要从事药物和基因传递系统的研究; E-mail:gaojianqing@.zju.edu.cn
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引用本文:

高思倩,沈咏梅,耿福能,李艳华,高建青. 糖尿病溃疡动物模型的建立及相关治疗研究进展[J]. 浙江大学学报（医学版）, 2017, 46(1): 97-105.

GAO Siqian,SHEN Yongmei,GENG Funeng,LI Yanhua,GAO Jianqing. Research progress on the animal models and treatment strategies of diabetic foot ulcer. J Zhejiang Univ (Med Sci), 2017, 46(1): 97-105.

链接本文:

http://www.zjujournals.com/med/CN/10.3785/j.issn.1008-9292.2017.02.15    或    http://www.zjujournals.com/med/CN/Y2017/V46/I1/97

建模方法 优点 缺点
缺血性溃疡——血管结扎法
皮肤压迫法		 诱导缺血自发性溃疡的形成，并结合同步血流监测，可信度高；溃疡面积可控制，成模率较高，便于定量分析；适用于血管相关的机制研究及疗效评价 建立的急性缺血溃疡模型与糖尿病慢性缺血形成的溃疡有较大差别
神经性溃疡——分离坐骨神经 诱导神经病变的自发性溃疡形成，适用于神经相关的机制研究及疗效评价 成模率低
感染性溃疡——细菌感染 操作简便，可作为一种加重糖尿病溃疡的额外诱发因素，适用于疗效评价 与糖尿病溃疡病理机制无直接关系
皮肤全层切除模型 应用最为广泛，操作简单，耗时短，成模率高，可随时直观地对创面实施观察和量化分析，适用于疗效评价 属于非自发性溃疡，与临床糖尿病病征相差较远，对动物的糖尿病病变程度要求较高
环形夹板模型 属于全层皮肤切除模型的改良模型，应用广泛，成模率高，能最大程度减少伤口的收缩，更好地模拟人类伤口的愈合过程，且创面大小可控，可随时监测与分析，适用于疗效评价 属于非自发性溃疡，且对动物的糖尿病病变程度要求较高
烫伤模型 模拟外界的诱发因素，操作简便，可用于疗效评价 属于非自发性溃疡，且创面面积不可控，不利于量化分析，与糖尿病病理机制关系不大
表1  不同糖尿病溃疡建模方法的优缺点
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