Objective:To judge the value of predicting the effects of ovulation induction therapy on anovulatory women by transvaginal sonography to measure periovulatory endometrial thickness and echo pattern.Methods:Sixty-eight anovulatory women were included in the study.Ovulation was induced in 39 patients with ultrashort protocol of GnRH a+HMG and in 29 patients with HMG alone.With transvaginal sonography the follicular development and endometrial thickness and echo pattern were mornitored on the day of HCG injection.The effect of treatment was evaluated by pregnant rate.Results:Fifty-six infertile women completed the ovulation induction cycles.Thirty-one patients were stimulated with ultra-short GnRH a+HMG regimen and twenty five with conventional HMG regimen.On the day of HCG administration,the cases with endometrial thickness ≤10 mm were two and four in two regimen respectively.None of them was pregnant.The cases with endometrial thickness ≥15 mm were five and two respectively.None of them was successful in ongoing pregnancy.The cases with endometrial thickness between 11.0 mm and 14.9 mm were twenty four and nineteen respectively.The ongoing pregnancy rates(PRs) were 41.7% and 36.8% respectively.The ongoing PRs were significantly higher in those endometrium with trilaminar patterns than in those homogeneous patterns (47.6% and 35.3% versus 0 and 12.5%, P<0.05).Conclusion:Induction therapy for anovulatory women in ovulation measuring endometrial thickness and echo patterns by transvaginal sonography on the day of HCG administration is successful in prediction of pregnant possibility.Endometrial thickness ≤10 mm or ≥15 mm or homogeneous pattern predicts a lower PRs.