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工程设计学报
工程设计学报  2019, Vol. 26 Issue (5): 577-586    DOI: 10.3785/j.issn.1006-754X.2019.05.011
整机和系统设计     
菠萝自动采摘收集机结构设计与分析
姜涛, 郭安福, 程学斌, 张达, 李进
聊城大学 机械与汽车工程学院， 山东 聊城 252059
Structural design and analysis of pineapple automatic picking-collecting machine
JIANG Tao, GUO An-fu, CHENG Xue-bin, ZHANG Da, LI Jin
School of Mechanical and Automotive Engineering, Liaocheng University, Liaocheng 252059， China
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摘要： 针对我国菠萝果实采摘机械化水平较低、采摘效率低下且易对采摘人员手部造成伤害的问题，设计了一种菠萝采摘、收集连续化作业的机器。首先，对菠萝自动采摘收集机的整体结构进行设计，并详细介绍了采摘切割机构、带式运输机构的设计。其次，采用SolidWorks三维软件对采摘切割机构进行三维建模，并通过SolidWorks软件、Motion模块进行应力、应变、位移特性和动力学仿真分析。然后，对菠萝自动采摘收集机的电子控制系统进行设计与分析，包括电源输出的升降压方案以及三自由度机械臂步进电机驱动控制的设计。最后，进行了菠萝果柄切割试验与菠萝果实采摘收集试验。试验结果表明，该机器的切割效率可达1 636株/h，是人工切割效率的2倍以上；菠萝果实收集效率达195株/h。所设计的自动采摘收集机可实现菠萝果实的采摘、收集过程连续化，可提高菠萝采摘效率和减轻采摘人员劳动强度。
Abstract: Aiming at the low mechanization level of pineapple fruit picking industry as well as the low picking efficiency in China, and the problems that are prone to damage the hands of pickers, a continuously operation machine for picking and collecting pineapple is designed. Firstly, the overall structure of the pineapple automatic picking-collecting machine was designed, and the designs of the picking and cutting mechanism and belt transport mechanism were introduced in detail. Secondly, the three-dimensional model of the picking and cutting mechanism was designed by using SolidWorks three-dimensional software, and the analyses of stress, strain, displacement characteristics and dynamics were carried out through the SolidWorks soft and Motion modules. Thirdly, the electronics and control system of pineapple automatic picking-collecting machine was designed and analyzed, including the design of buck-boost scheme for power output and stepper motor drive control of the three degree-of-freedom manipulator. Finally, the pineapple fruit stalk cutting test and the pineapple fruit picking and collecting test were carried out. The test results showed that the cutting efficiency of the machine could reach 1 636 plants/h, which was more than twice the efficiency of artificial cutting, and the collection efficiency of pineapple fruit was 195 plants/h. The designed automatic picking-collecting machine can realize the continuous operation of the picking and collecting process of pineapple fruit, which can improve the picking efficiency of pineapple and reduce the labor intensity of pickers.
收稿日期: 2019-03-20 出版日期: 2019-10-28
CLC:  S 225.93  
基金资助: 国家自然科学基金资助项目（51775318）；山东省重大科技创新工程项目（2017CXGC0907）
通讯作者: 郭安福（1978—），男，山东聊城人，副教授，博士，从事可持续制造研究，E-mail：Guoanfu@lcu.edu.cn，https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5629-2098     E-mail: Guoanfu@lcu.edu.cn
作者简介: 姜涛（1998—），男，山东青岛人，本科生，从事机械电子工程研究，E-mail：1492916989@qq.com
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引用本文:

姜涛, 郭安福, 程学斌, 张达, 李进. 菠萝自动采摘收集机结构设计与分析[J]. 工程设计学报, 2019, 26(5): 577-586.

JIANG Tao, GUO An-fu, CHENG Xue-bin, ZHANG Da, LI Jin. Structural design and analysis of pineapple automatic picking-collecting machine. Chinese Journal of Engineering Design, 2019, 26(5): 577-586.

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https://www.zjujournals.com/gcsjxb/CN/10.3785/j.issn.1006-754X.2019.05.011    或    https://www.zjujournals.com/gcsjxb/CN/Y2019/V26/I5/577

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