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Whole wheat cracker fortified with biocalcium
and protein hydrolysate powders from salmon
frame: characteristics and nutritional value |
Anthony Temitope Idowu,* Soottawat Benjakul,* Sittichoke Sinthusamran,* Jaksuma Pongsetkul,** Thanasak Sae-leaw* and Pornsatit Sookchoo*** |
*Department of Food Technology, Faculty of Agro-Industry, Prince of Songkla University, Hat Yai, **School of
Animal Technology and Innovation, Institute of Agricultural Science, Suranaree University of Technology, Nakhon
Ratchasima, and ***Department of Material Product Technology, Faculty of Agro-Industry, Prince of Songkla
University, Hat Yai, Thailand |
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Abstract
Objectives: This study aimed to develop whole wheat crackers fortified with biocalcium (BC) and
protein hydrolysate (PH) powders from salmon frame at varying substitution levels.
Materials and Methods: Whole wheat cracker fortified with BC and protein hydrolysate PH powders
from salmon frame was produced. BC and PH powders or their mixtures at different ratios (3:1, 1:1,
1:3) were used to fortify the dough mix at a substitution level of 16.67% based on the whole wheat
flour content. The physical, textural, sensory, and nutritional profiles of the crackers produced were
examined and compared with crackers without fortification.
Results: The weight, colour, textural properties, and thickness of the crackers varied with the
addition of different ratios of BC and PH powders. The incorporation of BC/PH at ratio (3:1) showed
no negative effect on sensory properties. The crackers thus produced possessed higher protein,
fat, calcium, phosphorus, sodium, and cholesterol but lower carbohydrate, sugar, fibre, and energy
value than the control crackers without fortification. The crackers contained 0.026–0.045 mg/100
g polyunsaturated fatty acid. Developed crackers had a denser structure and were less porous
than the control crackers as shown in scanning electron microscopic images. In scanning electron
microscopy-energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopic (SEM-EDX) analysis, the crackers fortified with
BC/PH at ratio (3:1) had higher calcium and phosphorus contents and intensity than the control.
Conclusions: This study demonstrated that the addition of BC and PH powders obtained from
salmon frame represent a promising means of increasing the nutritive values of crackers.
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Received: 03 April 2019
Published: 24 August 2019
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Corresponding Authors:
Department of Food Technology, Faculty of Agro-Industry, Prince of Songkla University, Hat Yai,
Songkhla 90112, Thailand.
E-mail: soottawat.b@psu.ac.th
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三文鱼骨生物钙和水解蛋白粉强化全麦饼干的特性及营养价值研究
【目标】本研究在不同替代水平下,以三文鱼骨的生物钙质(BC)和水解蛋白质粉(PH)强化全麦饼干。
【材料和方法】以三文鱼为原料,添加生物钙和水解蛋白粉,制成全麦饼干。以全麦面粉为基础,按不同配比(3:1、1:1、1:3)添加BC粉、PH粉,以16.67%的替代量强化面团。对强化饼干的物理、结构、感官和营养状况进行了研究,与未添加强化剂的饼干进行了对照比较。
【结果】加入不同比例的BC粉和PH粉后,饼干的重量、颜色、质地和厚度都有所不同。BC/PH比值为3:1强化对感官性质没有负面影响。由此生产的饼干比不加强化的对照饼干具有更高的蛋白质、脂肪、钙、磷、钠和胆固醇,但碳水化合物、糖、纤维和能量值较低。饼干不饱和脂肪酸含量为0.026-0.045mg/100g。由电子扫描显微镜图像可知,所开发的强化饼干具有更致密的结构,且比对照饼干的多孔性更小。在扫描电镜能谱分析中,BC/PH比值以3:1强化的饼干中钙、磷含量和强度均高于对照。
【结论】研究表明,添加三文鱼中生物钙质(BC)粉和水解蛋白(PH)粉是提高饼干营养价值的一种有效方法。
关键词:
全麦饼干,
生物钙质,
水解蛋白,
三文鱼骨,
强化
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