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浙江大学学报(工学版)
Journal of ZheJiang University (Engineering Science)  2025, Vol. 59 Issue (11): 2336-2351    DOI: 10.3785/j.issn.1008-973X.2025.11.013
    
Advance in microbial mineralization for fractured rock mass reinforcement and its application
Zuoyong LI1(),Chuangzhou WU1,*(),Jia HE2,Liang CHENG3,Fengshou ZHANG4
1. Ocean College, Zhejiang University, Zhoushan 316021, China
2. College of Civil and Transportation Engineering, Hohai University, Nanjing 210024, China
3. School of the Environment and Safety Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, China
4. College of Civil Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, China
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Abstract  

The key influencing factors were introduced, representative application cases were analyzed, and current technical challenges were discussed in order to promote the engineering application of microbially induced carbonate precipitation (MICP) for reinforcing fractured rock masses. MICP proved effective in enhancing rock strength and reducing permeability, with its performance influenced by factors such as grouting solution composition, environmental conditions, fracture characteristics, and grouting procedures. The application of MICP in CO2 geological sequestration, mine tailings remediation, stone heritage preservation, and petroleum extraction was reviewed based on recent research, while identifying challenges related to deposition uniformity, long-term stability, and economic feasibility. Future research should integrate laboratory and field experiments, optimize microbial strain performance and grouting strategies, reduce costs, and develop accurate multi-physics coupling models in order to enable practical implementation under complex geological conditions.

Key words： microbially induced carbonate precipitation (MICP)      fractured rock mass reinforcement      fracture sealing      grouting technology     
Received: 25 October 2024      Published: 30 October 2025
CLC:  TU 472  
Fund:  国家自然科学基金资助项目（42177141）.
Corresponding Authors: Chuangzhou WU     E-mail: lizuoyong@zju.edu.cn;ark_wu@zju.edu.cn
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Zuoyong LI
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Cite this article:

Zuoyong LI,Chuangzhou WU,Jia HE,Liang CHENG,Fengshou ZHANG. Advance in microbial mineralization for fractured rock mass reinforcement and its application. Journal of ZheJiang University (Engineering Science), 2025, 59(11): 2336-2351.

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https://www.zjujournals.com/eng/10.3785/j.issn.1008-973X.2025.11.013     OR     https://www.zjujournals.com/eng/Y2025/V59/I11/2336


微生物矿化裂隙岩体加固及其应用研究进展

为了推动微生物诱导碳酸盐沉淀（MICP）技术在裂隙岩体加固中的工程应用，介绍了该技术的主要影响因素，归纳分析典型应用实例，探讨当前面临的技术挑战. MICP技术在提高裂隙岩体强度与降低渗透性方面表现显著，其加固效果受注浆溶液、环境条件、裂隙特征及注浆工艺等因素共同影响. 结合当前研究，总结了MICP技术在二氧化碳地质封存、尾矿治理、石质文物保护及石油开采等领域的应用现状，讨论了该技术在沉积均匀性、长期稳定性和经济性方面的挑战. 未来的研究应结合室内与现场试验，优化菌株性能与注浆工艺，降低成本，并开发精确的多场耦合模型，以推动MICP技术在复杂地质条件下的实际应用.


关键词： 微生物诱导碳酸盐沉淀(MICP),  裂隙岩体加固,  裂隙封堵,  注浆技术 
Fig.1 Schematic diagram of microbial mineralization mechanism based on MICP
Fig.2 Influencing factors of fracture sealing by MICP
试验类型试验简述力学性能渗透性能来源
孔隙率：7.27%~19.45%采用多阶段注浆方法(含固定液)，进行2~10次灌浆循环处理，一次循环后反向注入.低强度砂岩：UCS、弹性模量、脆性指数分别提高 229%、179%、177%.
高强度砂岩：UCS、弹性模量、脆性指数分别提高22%、14%、12%.		低强度和低强度砂岩渗透系数分别降低96%、99%.文献[47]
隙宽约为0.3 mm，长度为36 mm采用多阶段注浆法，注入流速为0.5 mL/min，共进行16、17次循环处理.峰值剪切强度从125 kPa提升至733 kPa.渗透系数从10?3 m/s降至10?7 m/s，下降4个数量级.文献 [48]
隙宽为0.31~0.74 mm(含分支裂隙)采用单相注浆法，注入速率为20 mL/min，总注入体积为0.5 L.—主裂隙的表观愈合率均为80%~96.3%. 处理前渗透系数约为10?1 m/s，处理后降至10?4 m/s以下，降低3、4个数量级.文献 [48]
隙宽为0.60~0.70 mm，长度为40 cm采用单相注入法进行2次灌浆处理，注入速率为20 mL/min或40 mL/min.—生物注浆2 d后渗透系数降低3个数量级.文献 [49]
隙宽为1 mm，长度为100 mm采用多阶段注浆方法(含固定液)，进行10次灌浆循环处理.切应力增加26%~40%，剪切刚度提高70%.渗透系数从10?5 m/s降至10?7 m/s，降低2个数量级.文献 [40]
隙宽为1.0~2.5 mm，长度为100 mm
采用单相注浆法进行8次灌浆循环.—未处理样本渗透系数为0.1536~0.4342 m/s，处理后降至3×10?5~5×10?5 m/s，降低4个数量级.文献 [33]
裂隙长50 mm采用多阶段注浆方法(含固定液)，共进行15次灌浆循环，注浆速率为0.5 mL/min.—单位时间渗流量下降80.31%~90.04%，渗透系数降至10?8m/s数量级.文献 [44]
节理面倾角为0°~75°采用单相注浆法方法，每 24 h注入 加固溶液20 mL，共加固20 d.MICP 修复后样品的偏应力比修复前增加了50%.—文献 [38]
岩石裂隙：地下25 m深，倾角约为25°采用多阶段注浆方法(含固定液)，结合COMSOL Multiphysics数值
建模.		—注入点附近导水系数降低 >99%，2 m距离处降低约 35%文献[3]
井筒裂隙：
井深为340.8 m		采用多阶段注浆方法(含固定液)，注入25次尿素/钙溶液和10次微生物悬液.15 min内注入压力从处理前的42%衰减至18%.注水速率从0.29 m3/h 降至0.011 m3/h.文献[50]
Tab.1 Mechanical and permeability performance of MICP technology in rock fracture restoration
Fig.3 Application of ultrasonic technology in monitoring MICP repair process of cracked mortar sample[54]
Fig.4 Application of electrical resistivity tomography in monitoring MICP reinforcement process of sand column sample[55]
Fig.5 Application of biomineralization in carbon dioxide sequestration
Fig.6 Application of biomineralization in mine tailing management
Fig.7 Application of biomineralization in cultural heritage preservation
Fig.8 Application of biomineralization in oil extraction
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