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浙江大学学报(工学版)  2020, Vol. 54 Issue (12): 2286-2293    DOI: 10.3785/j.issn.1008-973X.2020.12.002
机械工程、能源工程     
基于多向电磁力的永磁同步电机电磁噪声分析
王宇(),郝志勇,郑康*(),郑旭,邱毅
浙江大学 能源工程学院,浙江 杭州 310027
Analysis of electromagnetic noise of permanent magnet synchronous motor based on multi-directional electromagnetic force
Yu WANG(),Zhi-yong HAO,Kang ZHENG*(),Xu ZHENG,Yi QIU
College of Energy Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China
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摘要:

针对电机电磁噪声分析中主要关注径向电磁力而忽略电磁力分量,造成分析精度不准确的问题,对某8极24槽车用永磁同步驱动电机进行电磁仿真分析,得到电机磁场以及电磁力分布. 在电机定子模型上分别单独加载径向电磁力和综合加载径向、切向及轴向三向电磁力,对比分析电磁噪声. 采用边界元法计算电机电磁噪声,通过试验验证仿真分析的准确性. 建立电机参数化结构模型,分析不同定子槽口宽度和磁体圆角半径对径向和切向电磁力以及电磁噪声的影响. 结果表明,切向电磁力对电磁噪声有一定程度的影响,且加载径向、切向及轴向电磁力的电机定子模型更加真实可靠;合理减小定子槽宽和磁铁圆角半径可以有效降低电机电磁噪声.

关键词: 永磁同步电机电磁力电磁噪声定子槽口宽度磁体圆角半径    
Abstract:

In motor electromagnetic noise analysis, the main focus is the radial electromagnetic force and other electromagnetic force components are ignored, which causes the analysis to be inaccurate. The electromagnetic simulation was conducted aiming at the problem to analyze the magnetic field and electromagnetic force distribution of 8-pole 24-slot permanent magnet synchronous drive motor. Radial electromagnetic force alone and radial, tangential and axial electromagnetic forces were respectively applied on the stator model of the motor in order to analyze the electromagnetic noise. The electromagnetic noise of the motor was calculated by the boundary element method, and the accuracy of the simulation analysis was verified by experiments. The parameterized structural model of the motor was established, and the influence of different stator slot widths and magnet fillet radii on radial, and tangential electromagnetic force and electromagnetic noise was analyzed. The results show that the tangential electromagnetic force has a certain effect on the electromagnetic noise, and the motor stator model loaded with radial, tangential and axial electromagnetic forces is more reliable. Reasonable reduction of stator slot width and magnet fillet radius can effectively reduce electromagnetic noise of the motor.

Key words: permanent magnet synchronous motor    electromagnetic force    electromagnetic noise    stator slot width    magnet fillet radius
收稿日期: 2019-10-18 出版日期: 2020-12-31
CLC:  TM 351  
基金资助: 国家自然科学基金资助项目(51876188,51705454)
通讯作者: 郑康     E-mail: yohellodream@zju.edu.cn;barton1212@sina.com
作者简介: 王宇(1996—),男,硕士生,从事车辆的振动噪声及舒适性研究. orcid.org/0000-0001-6942-7975. E-mail: yohellodream@zju.edu.cn
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郝志勇
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引用本文:

王宇,郝志勇,郑康,郑旭,邱毅. 基于多向电磁力的永磁同步电机电磁噪声分析[J]. 浙江大学学报(工学版), 2020, 54(12): 2286-2293.

Yu WANG,Zhi-yong HAO,Kang ZHENG,Xu ZHENG,Yi QIU. Analysis of electromagnetic noise of permanent magnet synchronous motor based on multi-directional electromagnetic force. Journal of ZheJiang University (Engineering Science), 2020, 54(12): 2286-2293.

链接本文:

http://www.zjujournals.com/eng/CN/10.3785/j.issn.1008-973X.2020.12.002        http://www.zjujournals.com/eng/CN/Y2020/V54/I12/2286

图 1  某车用永磁同步驱动电机
参数 数值 参数 数值
磁极数 8 定子槽口宽度/mm 3
定子槽数 24 磁体宽度/mm 26
定子外径/mm 133 磁体圆角半径/mm 2
定子内径/mm 80 绕组接法 星形接法
转子外径/mm 79 定子绕线形式 单层叠绕组
表 1  电机结构参数
图 2  电机定子有限元模型
图 3  电机模态仿真的前4阶振型
图 4  电机自由模态测试试验
图 5  电机模态试验的前4阶振型
图 6  永磁同步电机电磁仿真模型
图 7  永磁同步电机电磁仿真结果
图 8  电机电磁力幅值频谱图
图 9  电机电磁噪声仿真分析流程
图 10  定子齿面上电磁力分布
图 11  永磁同步电机720 Hz振动加速度云图
图 12  电机声场场点网格示意图
图 13  电机1800 Hz声压级云图
图 14  电机电磁噪声频谱图
图 15  电机噪声测试试验
图 16  仿真与试验电机噪声结果对比
图 17  永磁同步电机定子槽口宽度和磁体圆角半径的参数化模型
图 18  不同定子槽口宽度径向和切向电磁力频谱图
图 19  不同定子槽口宽度电机电磁噪声频谱图
图 20  不同磁体圆角半径径向和切向电磁力频谱图
图 21  不同磁体圆角半径电机电磁噪声频谱和电机转矩
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