Please wait a minute...
浙江大学学报(工学版)  2019, Vol. 53 Issue (3): 589-597    DOI: 10.3785/j.issn.1008-973X.2019.03.021
电气工程     
采用多目标蝙蝠算法的电力系统广域协调控制策略
张程1,2(),金涛2,李培强1,邓慧琼1
1. 福建工程学院 信息科学与工程学院,福建 福州 350118
2. 福州大学 电气工程与自动化学院,福建 福州 350116
Wide-area coordination control strategy for power system using multi-objective bat algorithm
Cheng ZHANG1,2(),Tao JIN2,Pei-qiang LI1,Hui-qiong DENG1
1. School of Information Science and Engineering, Fujian University of Technology, Fuzhou 350118, China
2. College of Electrical Engineering and Automation, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou 350116, China
 全文: PDF(1484 KB)   HTML
摘要:

广域电网中多个电力系统稳定器之间存在相互作用,影响整个系统的控制效果,为此提出一种基于蝙蝠算法的多目标广域阻尼控制器协调设计方法. 该方法利用蝙蝠算法中种群的多样性,使得算法在迭代寻优过程中保持持续优化的能力,保证算法具有较好的收敛性和准确性;以机电振荡模态的实部和阻尼比为目标函数,将多机电力系统稳定器参数优化问题归结为带不等式约束的多目标优化问题. 分别在四机两区域系统和新英格兰典型系统的多种运行方式下进行仿真,结果表明:所提方法能够改善系统弱机电模式的特征值分布,有效抑制低频振荡,具有良好的控制效果和鲁棒性.

关键词: 多目标蝙蝠算法目标函数机电振荡模式阻尼控制器广域协调控制    
Abstract:

There is interaction between multiple power system stabilizers in the wide-area power grid, which affects the control effect of the whole system. Therefore, a coordinated design method of multi-objective wide area damping controller based on bat algorithm was proposed. This method made use of the population diversity of bat algorithm to keep the algorithm’s ability of continuous optimization in the iterative optimization process, which ensures that the algorithm has good convergence and accuracy. Taking the real part and damping ratio of the electromechanical oscillation mode as the objective function, the parameter optimization problem of the stabilizer of multi-machine power system was reduced to the multi-objective optimization problem with inequality constraint. The simulation results show that the proposed method can improve the eigenvalue distribution of the system’s weak electromechanical mode, effectively suppress the low frequency oscillation, and has good control effect and robustness.

Key words: multi-objective bat algorithm    objective function    electromechanical oscillation mode    damping controller    wide-area coordination control
收稿日期: 2018-04-04 出版日期: 2019-03-04
CLC:  TM 72  
作者简介: 张程(1982—),男,副教授,博士,从事电力系统稳定性分析研究. orcid.org/0000-0002-8809-6208. E-mail: zhangcheng@fjut.edu.cn
服务  
把本文推荐给朋友
加入引用管理器
E-mail Alert
作者相关文章  
张程
金涛
李培强
邓慧琼

引用本文:

张程,金涛,李培强,邓慧琼. 采用多目标蝙蝠算法的电力系统广域协调控制策略[J]. 浙江大学学报(工学版), 2019, 53(3): 589-597.

Cheng ZHANG,Tao JIN,Pei-qiang LI,Hui-qiong DENG. Wide-area coordination control strategy for power system using multi-objective bat algorithm. Journal of ZheJiang University (Engineering Science), 2019, 53(3): 589-597.

链接本文:

http://www.zjujournals.com/eng/CN/10.3785/j.issn.1008-973X.2019.03.021        http://www.zjujournals.com/eng/CN/Y2019/V53/I3/589

图 1  常规电力系统稳定器(PSS)数学模型
图 2  目标函数 $J$ 在复平面中的期望区域
测试函数 PSO BA
x* t/s x* t/s
f (xy) 6.110 4×10?4 0.452 8 3.223×10?7 0.210 4
g (xy) 8.322 5×10?4 0.507 4 3.825×10?7 0.238 5
表 1  蝙蝠算法(BA)与粒子群算法(PSO)的计算结果对比
图 3  多目标蝙蝠算法(BA)的广域协调控制流程图
振荡模式 特征值 ζ / % f / Hz 主导机组
1 ?0.629 ± j7.368 0.084 1.173 G1
2 ?0.605 ± j7.218 0.083 1.149 G3
3 0.032 ± j3.995 ?0.012 0.636 G2,G3
表 2  未安装PSS时的开环振荡模式(运行方式I)
发电机 K T1/s T2/s
G1 20.12 0.211 0.102
G2 20.32 0.203 0.101
G3 20.24 0.216 0.101
表 3  采用BA优化后的PSS参数(方案A)
发电机 K T1/s T3/s
G1 17.504 0.914 0.266
G3 19.382 0.117 0.819
G2,G3(广域) 11.935 0.819 0.142
表 4  采用BA优化后的广域PSS参数(方案B)
图 4  小干扰下发电机G1~G4的转速变化信号曲线
图 5  小干扰下联络线功率变化曲线
图 6  短路故障下发电机G1~G4的转速变化信号曲线
图 7  短路故障下联络线功率变化曲线
图 8  系统安装PSS前、后的机电模式特征值分布
图 9  新英格兰典型系统图
振荡模式 运行方式Ⅰ′ 运行方式Ⅱ′ 运行方式Ⅲ′
特征值 ζ/% 特征值 ζ/% 特征值 ζ/%
1 ?0.077 2 ± j3.404 9 2.266 9 ?0.072 4 ± j3.285 2 2.204 0 ?0.021 3 ± j3.080 2 0.690 9
2 ?0.237 1 ± j5.779 3 4.098 5 ?0.201 5 ± j5.595 7 3.598 4 ?0.167 1 ± j5.542 6 3.012 8
3 ?0.209 1 ± j6.216 3 3.361 4 ?0.190 5 ± j5.903 8 3.224 6 ?0.260 6 ± j5.917 3 4.399 5
4 ?0.252 5 ± j6.855 4 3.680 8 ?0.285 1 ± j6.681 1 4.263 6 ?0.183 2 ± j6.225 4 2.941 6
5 ?0.208 6 ± j7.476 6 2.788 8 ?0.197 1 ± j7.455 1 2.643 3 ?0.199 5 ± j7.484 5 2.665 0
6 ?0.319 9 ± j8.131 1 3.931 0 ?0.320 7 ± j8.129 2 3.941 4 ?0.313 9 ± j8.017 6 3.912 7
7 ?0.297 2 ± j8.618 3 3.446 7 ?0.298 5 ± j8.596 5 3.470 7 ?0.289 4 ± j8.487 2 3.407 3
8 ?0.372 0 ± j8.841 2 4.203 8 ?0.372 5 ± j8.841 1 4.209 1 ?0.347 9 ± j8.779 1 3.959 4
9 ?0.694 5 ± j10.855 5 6.384 6 ?0.694 3 ± j10.851 2 6.385 2 ?0.690 1 ± j10.811 7 6.370 0
表 5  未加入PSS时新英格兰系统的机电模式特征值
振荡模式 类型 f/Hz 参与机组
1 区间 0.542 (G10)vs(G1,G2,G3,G4,
G5,G6,G7,G8,G9)
2 区间 0.912 (G4,G5,G6,G7)vs(G2,G3),
(G1,G8,G9)
3 区间 0.988 (G2,G3) vs (G1,G8,G9)
4 本地 1.091 (G4) vs (G5,G6,G7)
5 本地 1.190 (G9) vs (G1,G8)
6 本地 1.294 (G2) vs (G3)
7 本地 1.372 (G4) vs (G5)
8 本地 1.407 (G6) vs (G7)
9 本地 1.728 (G1) vs (G8)
表 6  新英格兰系统模态分析结果
模式 PSS安装位置
(最大可控性)
广域输入信号
(最大可观性)
1 G9 ${I_{9 \text{-} 39}}/{P_{9 \text{-} 39}},{\theta _{1 \text{-} 2}}$
2 G7 ${I_{3 \text{-} 18}}/{P_{3 \text{-} 18}},{I_{15 \text{-} 16}}/{P_{15 \text{-} 16}}$
3 G3 ${I_{9 \text{-} 39}}/{P_{9 \text{-} 39}},{I_{4 \text{-} 5}}/{P_{4 \text{-} 5}}$
表 7  广域输入信号与PSS安装位置
发电机 K T1/s T3/s
G3 14.975 0.391 0.253
G7 13.203 0.530 0.363
G9 20.323 0.169 0.054
表 8  BA优化后广域PSS参数(方案A)
图 10  发电机与联络线功率的响应曲线(运行方式I′)
图 11  发电机与联络线功率的响应曲线(运行方式II′)
图 12  3种运行方式下系统的机电模式特征值分布图
1 赵晋泉, 邓晖, 吴小辰, 等 基于广域响应的电力系统暂态稳定控制技术评述[J]. 电力系统保护与控制, 2016, 44 (5): 1- 9
ZHAO Jin-quan, DENG Hui, WU Xiao-chen, et al Review on power system transient stability control technologies based on PMU/WAMS[J]. Power System Protection and Control, 2016, 44 (5): 1- 9
2 陈恩泽, 刘涤尘, 廖清芬, 等 多重扰动下的跨区电网低频振荡研究[J]. 电工技术学报, 2014, 29 (2): 290- 296
CHEN En-ze, LIU Di-chen, LIAO Qing-fen, et al Research on low frequency oscillation of interconnected power grid based on multiple disturbances[J]. Transactions of China Electro-technical Society, 2014, 29 (2): 290- 296
doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1000-6753.2014.02.035
3 宋墩文, 杨学涛, 丁巧林, 等 大规模互联电网低频振荡分析与控制方法综述[J]. 电网技术, 2011, 35 (10): 22- 27
SONG Dun-wen, YANG Xue-tao, DING Qiao-lin, et al A survey on analysis on low frequency oscillation in large-scale interconnected power grid and its control measure[J]. Power System Technology, 2011, 35 (10): 22- 27
4 陈中, 胡吕龙 基于阻尼转矩分析法的多广域阻尼控制器多模态交互影响分析[J]. 电力自动化设备, 2012, 32 (11): 92- 96
CHEN Zhong, HU Lv-long Interaction of multiple wide-area damping controllers based on DTA method[J]. Electric Power Automation Equipment, 2012, 32 (11): 92- 96
5 马燕峰, 周一辰, 赵书强, 等 考虑交互作用的多阻尼控制器独立设计的控制环选择[J]. 电工技术学报, 2016, 31 (04): 136- 146
MA Yan-feng, ZHOU Yi-chen, ZHAO Shu-qiang, et al Control loops selection for independent design of multiple damping controllers with interactions considered[J]. Transactions of China Electrotechnical Society, 2016, 31 (04): 136- 146
doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1000-6753.2016.04.019
6 陶向宇, 刘增煌 多机电力系统广泛配置PSS的可行性研究[J]. 电网技术, 2008, 32 (22): 29- 34
TAO Xiang-yu, LIU Zeng-huang Study on the feasibility of wide usage of PSS in multi-machine power system[J]. Power System Technology, 2008, 32 (22): 29- 34
7 赵书强, 常鲜戎, 贺仁睦, 等 PSS控制过程中的借阻尼现象与负阻尼效应[J]. 中国电机工程学报, 2004, 24 (5): 11- 15
ZHAO Shu-qiang, CHANG Xian-rong, HE Ren-mu, et al Borrow damping phenomena and negative damping effect of PSS control[J]. Proceedings of the CSEE, 2004, 24 (5): 11- 15
8 ZHAO Y, YUAN Z, LU C, et al Improved model-free adaptive wide-area coordination damping controller for multiple-input-multiple-output power systems[J]. IET Generation, Transmission and Distribution, 2016, 10 (13): 3264- 3275
doi: 10.1049/iet-gtd.2016.0069
9 LI Y, CHRISTIAN R, SVEN R, et al Wide-area robust coordination approach of HVDC and FACTS controllers for damping multiple interarea oscillations[J]. IEEE Transactions on Power Delivery, 2012, 27 (3): 1096- 1105
doi: 10.1109/TPWRD.2012.2190830
10 马燕峰, 张佳怡 计及广域信号多时滞影响的电力系统附加鲁棒阻尼控制[J]. 电工技术学报, 2017, 32 (06): 58- 66
MA Yan-feng, ZHANG Jia-yi Additional robust damping control of wide-area power system with multiple time delays considered[J]. Transactions of China Electrotechnical Society, 2017, 32 (06): 58- 66
11 HASSAN L H, MOGHAVVEMI M, ALMURIB H A F, et al A coordinated design of PSSs and UPFC-based stabilizer using genetic algorithm[J]. IEEE Transactions on Industry Applications, 2014, 50 (5): 2957- 2966
doi: 10.1109/TIA.2014.2305797
12 YANG X S, HOSSEIN GANDOMI A Bat algorithm: a novel approach for global engineering optimization[J]. Engineering Computations, 2012, 29 (5): 464- 483
doi: 10.1108/02644401211235834
13 SHENG S Q, ZHANG J J Capacity configuration optimisation for stand-alone micro-grid based on an improved binary bat algorithm[J]. The Journal of Engineering, 2017, 2017 (13): 2083- 2087
doi: 10.1049/joe.2017.0696
14 KOMARASAMY G, WAHI A An optimized K-means clustering technique using bat algorithm[J]. European Journal of Scientific Research, 2012, 84 (2): 263- 273
15 张程, 金涛 考虑噪声的电力系统低频振荡辨识方法[J]. 华中科技大学学报: 自然科学版, 2017, 45 (4): 90- 96
ZHANG Cheng, JIN Tao Low frequency oscillation identification method of power system considering its noise[J]. Journal of Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 2017, 45 (4): 90- 96
16 马燕峰, 刘伟东, 赵书强 基于包络线拟合的低频振荡性质在线判别[J]. 电力系统自动化, 2014, 38 (23): 46- 53
MA Yan-feng, LIU Wei-dong, ZHAO Shu-qiang On-line identification of low-frequency oscillation properties based on envelope fitting[J]. Automation of Electric Power Systems, 2014, 38 (23): 46- 53
doi: 10.7500/AEPS20131022005
[1] 张振杰, 李建胜, 赵漫丹, 张小东. 基于三视图几何约束的摄像机相对位姿估计[J]. 浙江大学学报(工学版), 2018, 52(1): 151-159.
[2] 李文义, 任聪静, 王靖岱, 等. 多釜串联丙烯连续聚合牌号过渡的优化[J]. J4, 2010, 44(2): 326-331.