钱塘江杭州下沙段流向剖面沉积物粒度特征及水动力条件分析

doi:10.3785/j.issn.1008-9497.2016.03.014

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摘要对钱塘江中沉积物粒度的研究,前人多关注横剖面的粒度变化.为了解钱塘江沉积物粒度在流向上的变化特征,在下沙段(下沙大桥至江东大桥)进行粒度采样,对含泥砂悬浮物样品和砂泥样品的粒度进行分析.结果表明,粒度在1.45~3500μm,属粘土至砾组分,以粉砂组分占比最多;粒径均值为3.24~5.92μm,位于粉砂至极细砂范围;粒度频率呈多峰分布,分选差至分选非常差,峰度为非常尖峰至宽峰.在该区间的直流河段粒度特征相似,而在下沙大桥河流弯曲的凸岸处粒度特征不同.反映该处水动力条件复杂,可能同时受到层流和紊流的影响.最大水流分量在下沙大桥凸岸处最小,在直流河段随流向逐渐减小.粒度和最大水流分量特征受钱塘江下沙段河流形态控制.

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关键词 ：钱塘江, 粒度特征, 水动力条件, 曲流河

Abstract：In light of the grain-size analyses in Qiantang River, previous studies mostly emphasized on the cross-stream section. To determine the sediment grain-size variation across stream-directed section, we have collected grain-size samples between Xiasha and Jiangdong Bridges in the Xiasha segment of the river. Both soluble and solid samples have been collected and analyzed. The analyzed results indicate that the sediment grains, ranging from 1.45-3 500 μm, consist of clay to gravel components with the silt component taking dominance. The mean grain sizes, spanning from 3.24-5.92 μm, are within the range between silt and very fine sand. Frequency-distribution diagrams suggest that the grain sizes are multimodal, very platykurtic to leptokurtic, and poorly to very poorly sorted. Grain-size features are similar in the samples collected from the straight-directed part of the river, which are dramatically different with those from salient point of the river. Generally, the grain-size features suggest complex hydrodynamic condition impacted by both laminar and turbulent flows. However, the results indicate that the force of maximum flow component is the least in the salient point and decreases downward the flow direction in the straight-directed part of the river, which is inferred to be controlled by the river morphology.

Key words： Qiantang River grain-size analyses hydrodynamic condition meandering river

收稿日期: 2015-08-06

P714

基金资助:中央高校基本科研业务费专项资金科研发展专项项目(2016FAZ3007);浙江大学SRTP项目;浙江大学探究性实验项目.

通讯作者: 张文静,ORCID:http://orcid.org/0000-0003-2757-8171,E-mail:wenjing19910523@126.com. E-mail: wenjing19910523@126.com

作者简介: 刘艳(1986-),ORCID:http://orcid.org/0000-0002-7005-4501,女,硕士,实验员,主要从事地质学相关实验工作.

引用本文:

刘艳, 张文静, 陈新伟, 晏凌宇, 蒙凯捷, 范倛瑞. 钱塘江杭州下沙段流向剖面沉积物粒度特征及水动力条件分析[J]. 浙江大学学报（理学版）, 2016, 43(3): 325-336.
LIU Yan, ZHANG Wenjing, CHEN Xinwei, YAN Lingyu, MENG Kaijie, FAN Qirui. Grain-size analyses of the sediments across stream-directed section in Xiasha segment of Qiantang River. Journal of ZheJIang University(Science Edition), 2016, 43(3): 325-336.

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http://www.zjujournals.com/sci/CN/10.3785/j.issn.1008-9497.2016.03.014 或 http://www.zjujournals.com/sci/CN/Y2016/V43/I3/325

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