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Journal of Zhejiang University-SCIENCE B (Biomedicine & Biotechnology)  2009, Vol. 10 Issue (7): 483-492    DOI: 10.1631/jzus.B0820379
Biomedicine     
Mitochondrial functions on oocytes and preimplantation embryos
Li-ya WANG, Da-hui WANG, Xiang-yang ZOU, Chen-ming XU
Department of Biotechnology, Dalian Medical University, Dalian 116044, China; The Sperm Laboratory, Institute of Cell Biology and Genetics, College of Life Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China; Department of Reproductive Endocrinology, Women\'s Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310006, China
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Abstract  Oocyte quality has long been considered as a main limiting factor for in vitro fertilization (IVF). In the past decade, extensive observations demonstrated that the mitochondrion plays a vital role in the oocyte cytoplasm, for it can provide adenosine triphosphate (ATP) for fertilization and preimplantation embryo development and also act as stores of intracellular calcium and proapoptotic factors. During the oocyte maturation, mitochondria are characterized by distinct changes of their distribution pattern from being homogeneous to heterogeneous, which is correlated with the cumulus apoptosis. Oocyte quality decreases with the increasing maternal age. Recent studies have shown that low quality oocytes have some age-related dysfunctions, which include the decrease in mitochondrial membrane potential, increase of mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) damages, chromosomal aneuploidies, the incidence of apoptosis, and changes in mitochondrial gene expression. All these dysfunctions may cause a high level of developmental retardation and arrest of preimplantation embryos. It has been suggested that these mitochondrial changes may arise from excessive reactive oxygen species (ROS) that is closely associated with the oxidative energy production or calcium overload, which may trigger permeability transition pore opening and subsequent apoptosis. Therefore, mitochondria can be seen as signs for oocyte quality evaluation, and it is possible that the oocyte quality can be improved by enhancing the physical function of mitochondria. Here we reviewed recent advances in mitochondrial functions on oocytes.

Key wordsMitochondria      Oocyte      Preimplantation embryo     
Received: 12 October 2008     
CLC:  R714  
Cite this article:

Li-ya WANG, Da-hui WANG, Xiang-yang ZOU, Chen-ming XU. Mitochondrial functions on oocytes and preimplantation embryos. Journal of Zhejiang University-SCIENCE B (Biomedicine & Biotechnology), 2009, 10(7): 483-492.

URL:

http://www.zjujournals.com/xueshu/zjus-b/10.1631/jzus.B0820379     OR     http://www.zjujournals.com/xueshu/zjus-b/Y2009/V10/I7/483

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