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浙江大学学报(工学版)
Journal of ZheJiang University (Engineering Science)  2019, Vol. 53 Issue (12): 2396-2403    DOI: 10.3785/j.issn.1008-973X.2019.12.018
Power and Electrical Engineering     
Prediction of high-speed train interior noise using energy finite element analysis
Wen-qiang DAI,Xu ZHENG*(),Zhi-yong HAO,Yi QIU
College of Energy Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
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Abstract  

The carriage structural and sound cavity models of a high-speed train (HST) were established based on energy finite element analysis (EFEA) and structural insulation effect for full-spectrum interior noise analysis, considering the mechanical excitation and harmonic excitation sources comprehensively. Then, the model structure and sound cavity parameters were obtained by experiments and simulation calculation. The exterior excitation sources, including wheel-rail contact force, secondary suspension force, wheel-rail noise and aerodynamic noise, were obtained by multi-body dynamic calculation, acoustic finite element method and nonlinear acoustic solver. In order to validate the accuracy of excitation sources, the frequency bands of sound pressure level (SPL) peaks were verified. The model parameters and excitation sources were applied to interior noise EFEA models, and the interior noise in different regions was predicted. The predicted SPL of interior noise in different regions was compared with on-line experimental results, which indicates that the tendencies of simulation and experimental SPL of interior noise are in good agreement in the analytical frequency bands, and the error of overall sound pressure level (OASPL) is less than 3 dB(A). Thus, the proposed method is validated to be efficient and accurate in predicting full-spectrum interior noise of HST.

Key words： high-speed train (HST)      interior noise      energy finite element analysis (EFEA)      insulation effect      acoustic finite element method     
Received: 15 November 2018      Published: 17 December 2019
CLC:  TB 532  
Corresponding Authors: Xu ZHENG     E-mail: zhengxu@zju.edu.cn
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Wen-qiang DAI
Xu ZHENG
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Yi QIU
Cite this article:

Wen-qiang DAI,Xu ZHENG,Zhi-yong HAO,Yi QIU. Prediction of high-speed train interior noise using energy finite element analysis. Journal of ZheJiang University (Engineering Science), 2019, 53(12): 2396-2403.

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http://www.zjujournals.com/eng/10.3785/j.issn.1008-973X.2019.12.018     OR     http://www.zjujournals.com/eng/Y2019/V53/I12/2396


采用能量有限元分析的高速列车车内噪声预测

采用能量有限元分析（EFEA）并引入车体隔声效应建立高速列车（HST）车厢结构和声腔模型，综合考虑机械激励和声激励源，预测分析车内全频噪声. 通过试验及仿真计算获取模型结构和声腔参数；采用多体动力学仿真、声学有限元法和非线性声学方法求解得到车外激励源，包括轮轨力、二系悬挂力、轮轨噪声和气动噪声. 通过验证激励源频谱结果的声压级（SPL）峰值频率保证激励源的准确性. 将模型参数和激励源施加到车内噪声EFEA模型上，并预测不同区域的车内噪声。将车内声腔各区域的预测与搭载试验车内噪声SPL进行对比，结果显示，仿真与试验车内噪声声压级在分析频段内的变化趋势基本一致，声压级总值（OASPL）误差小于3 dB(A). 由此验证了提出的方法对于HST车内全频噪声仿真预测的有效性和准确性.


关键词： 高速列车（HST）,  车内噪声,  能量有限元分析（EFEA）,  隔声效应,  声学有限元法 
Fig.1 Energy finite element analysis (EFEA) prediction model of high-speed train
Fig.2 Internal loss factor (ILF) test results of interior cavity
Fig.3 Structural damping loss factor test results of carriage aluminum profile
Fig.4 Sound transmission loss (STL) test results of window, woody wall and glass wall
Fig.5 STL prediction model and results of carriage structure
车体物理量 数值 单位 悬挂物理量 数值 单位
质量 38.9 t 一系纵向刚度 919.8 kN / m
侧滚惯量 125.9 t?m2 一系横向刚度 919.8 kN / m
点头惯量 1 905.3 t?m2 二系横向刚度 125 kN / m
摇头惯量 1 797.9 t?m2 二系垂向刚度 195 kN / m
重心高度 1.656 m 二系垂向阻尼 10 kN?s / m
Tab.1 Rigid muti-body dynamic parameters of trailer carriage
Fig.6 Frequency spectrum of vertical wheel-rail contact force and secondary suspension
Fig.7 Finite element models (FEMs) and noise prediction models of wheel-rail
结构 Er/GPa μr ρr /(kg·m?3) wr /m hr /m
车轮 210 0.30 7 800 ? ?
钢轨 210 0.30 7 850 ? ?
轨道板 42 0.17 2 500 2.8 0.3
砂浆 7 0.17 2 400 2.8 0.3
Tab.2 Material and structural parameters of wheel-rail
Fig.8 Acoustic excitation on coach surface caused by wheel-rail noise
Fig.9 Prediction model and results of aerodynamic noise
Fig.10 Excitations loading diagram of energy finite element analysis (EFEA) model
Fig.11 Comparison of interior noise prediction and experimental results at middle part of carriage
Fig.12 Comparison of interior noise prediction and experimental results at front and rear part of carriage
Fig.13 SPL distribution of interior noise at 630 Hz
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