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J4  2013, Vol. 47 Issue (9): 1585-1592    DOI: 10.3785/j.issn.1008-973X.2013.09.011
土木工程、工程力学     
降雨型泥石流对沟床侵蚀的水力学机理
吴永1,2,3,裴向军3,何思明1,李新坡1,3
1. 中国科学院 水利部成都山地灾害与环境研究所,四川 成都 610041;
2.中国矿业大学 深部岩土力学与地下工程国家重点实验室,江苏 徐州 221008;
3.成都理工大学地质灾害防治与地质环境保护国家重点实验室, 四川 成都 610041
Hydraulic mechanism of gully bed erosion by debris flow in rainfall
WU Yong1,2,3, PEI Xiang-jun3, HE Si-ming1, LI Xin-po1,3
1. Institute of Mountain Hazards and Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chengdu 610041, China|
2. State Key Laboratory for GeoMechanics and Deep Underground Engineering, China University of Mining and
Technology, Xuzhou 221008, China|3. State Key Laboratory of Geohazard Prevention and Geoenvironment Protention,
Chengdu University of Technology, Chengdu 610041, China
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摘要:

为解决降雨型泥石流对沟床的侵蚀和重塑机理,以水文学为基础,在科学表征泥石流流深的前提下,借助水力学理论,分析了沟床在泥石流流动剪切和渗流水压耦合作用下的侵蚀机理,研究了泥石流流动剪应力、沟床基质孔压、泥石流静压及沟床自重作用的计算方法,给出了沟床侵蚀临界深度表达;借助算例阐明了流域降雨特征、沟道几何参数以及泥石流性质对泥石流流态及侵蚀力的影响规律,展示了沟道侵蚀曲线和侵蚀量的计算方法.结果表明:(1)泥石流侵蚀能力随沟床基质埋深的增加而下降,并在临界深度处消失;(2)不同降雨条件、沟谷特征和泥石流性质下的临界侵蚀深度因流深流速的差异而不同,越利于流深流速增大的流域沟道条件则越利于侵蚀的进行.

Abstract:

Based on the water lever model of debris flow established according to hydrology, and by aid of hydraulic theory, the erosion mechanism of gully bed under flow shear stress and seepage hydraulic was studied. After studying the calculation methods for flow shear stress, pore water pressure, static pressure and gully bed weight, the critical erosion depth of gully bed by debris flow was proposed. By discussing the influences of rainfall pattern, gully geometric parameters and flow property to debris flow pattern and its erosion characteristics with an example, the way to calculate erosion was illustrated. The result indicates that the erosion becomes weak with the incensement of depth of base material, and only occurs above on a critical erosion depth in gully bed|with different rainfall conditions, gully geometric character and debris flow property, the flow depth and velocity changes greatly, which effects the gully bed erosion directly.

出版日期: 2013-09-01
:  TU 443  
基金资助:

国家自然科学基金资助项目(41202258);深部岩土力学与地下工程国家重点实验室基金资助项目(SKLGDUEK1107);地质灾害防治与地质环境保护国家重点室基金资助项目(SKLGP2012K023, SKLGP2013K012);国家科技支撑计划资助项目(2011BAK12B03);西部之光资助项目(Y2R2210210);山地所博士基金资助项目(110900K251);中国交通建设资助项目(2011-2JKJ-04).

作者简介: 吴永(1981),男,博士,助研.主要从事山地灾害形成机理与防治技术研究. E-mail: wyhongyu@163.com
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引用本文:

吴永,裴向军,何思明,李新坡. 降雨型泥石流对沟床侵蚀的水力学机理[J]. J4, 2013, 47(9): 1585-1592.

WU Yong, PEI Xiang-jun, HE Si-ming, LI Xin-po. Hydraulic mechanism of gully bed erosion by debris flow in rainfall. J4, 2013, 47(9): 1585-1592.

链接本文:

http://www.zjujournals.com/eng/CN/10.3785/j.issn.1008-973X.2013.09.011        http://www.zjujournals.com/eng/CN/Y2013/V47/I9/1585

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