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Journal of Zhejiang University (Agriculture and Life Sciences)  2019, Vol. 45 Issue (3): 288-295    DOI: 10.3785/j.issn.1008-9209.2018.09.251
Crop cultivation & physiology     
Effects of agro-photovoltaic integrating system on field illumination and sweet potato growth
Lai WEI1(),Mingyan YU1,Nannan QIN1,Chongping HUANG1,2(),Ying XIE3(),Wenbo SUN3,Liehong WU4,Weizhong WANG2,Guoxin WANG2
1. Institute of Crop Science, College of Agriculture and Biotechnology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
2. Agricultural Experiment Station, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
3. Zhejiang Electric Power Design Institute Co. , Ltd. , China Energy Construction Group, Hangzhou 310012, China
4. Institute of Crop and Nuclear Technology Utilization, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou 310021, China
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Abstract  

In order to investigate the effects of establishment of photovoltaic (PV) panels on field illumination conditions and sweet potato growth in an agro-photovoltaic integrating system, we used wooden boards to simulate the PV panel construction. The simulated PV assembly had a set of standard parameters, which were an average height of 1.6 m, a slope of 22°, a width of 3 m and a length of 9 m. A two-year field experiment was carried out, and three sweet potato cultivars of “Xinxiang” (Xx) , “Zheshu 13” (ZS 13) and “Zheshu 77” (ZS 77) were planted under the PV panel shading and CK (without PV panels) treatments. The results showed that under the sunny weather condition, the illumination intensity was 80-400 μmol/(m2?s), which was higher than the light compensation point of the tested cultivars and slightly lower than the light saturation point of Xx and ZS 13. The variation of field light intensity in cloudy days of summer and autumn was similar to that in the sunny days. The light intensity of observation points under the PV panel shading treatment in rainy days was only slightly higher than the light compensation point of the tested cultivars. At the same light intensity, the net photosynthetic rate and stomatal conductance of sweet potato leaves under the shading treatment decreased significantly, and the intercellular CO2 concentration increased significantly. After the PV panel shading treatment, the maximum leaf area per plant decreased significantly, and the leaf area of Xx, ZS 13 and ZS 77 decreased by 18.94%, 45.54% and 56.26%, respectively. The leaf mass of per area for the three cultivars also decreased significantly. The dry matter accumulation trend of the three cultivars after shading treatment was the same as that of the CK, but the total amount decreased significantly. Compared with the CK, the yield of sweet potato per unit area decreased by 39.25%, 33.70% and 23.60% for Xx, ZS13 and ZS 77, respectively, but the total yield of Xx was still the highest under the shading treatment. In summary, the agro-photovoltaic integrating system formed by the construction of photovoltaic panels in the farmland has some adverse effects on the field light intensity and sweet potato growth, but the economic benefits per unit area are greatly increased. Thus, the crop yield can be increased by increasing density of sweet potato seedlings and reasonable fertilizer, and the agro-photovoltaic integrating system has a good prospect of popularization.



Key wordsfarmland      photovoltaic panel establishment      light intensity      sweet potato      growth      yield     
Received: 25 September 2018      Published: 25 June 2019
CLC:  S-1  
Corresponding Authors: Chongping HUANG,Ying XIE     E-mail: Weilai@zju.edu.cn;hcping@zju.edu.cn;yxie_1651@ceec.com.cn
Cite this article:

Lai WEI,Mingyan YU,Nannan QIN,Chongping HUANG,Ying XIE,Wenbo SUN,Liehong WU,Weizhong WANG,Guoxin WANG. Effects of agro-photovoltaic integrating system on field illumination and sweet potato growth. Journal of Zhejiang University (Agriculture and Life Sciences), 2019, 45(3): 288-295.

URL:

http://www.zjujournals.com/agr/10.3785/j.issn.1008-9209.2018.09.251     OR     http://www.zjujournals.com/agr/Y2019/V45/I3/288


农光耦合系统对田间光照条件和甘薯生长的影响

为了探讨光伏发电和农作物生产耦合系统的可行性和合适途径,本研究测定了光伏板对田间光照条件和甘薯生长的影响。试验以木板模拟光伏板,选择平均高度1.6 m、坡度22°、宽3 m、长9 m的标准组件参数,以无光伏板为对照,供试甘薯品种为“心香”“浙薯13”和“浙薯77”。结果表明:在晴天天气条件下,光伏板下的光照强度为80~400 μmol/(m2?s),高于供试甘薯品种的光补偿点,略低于“心香”和“浙薯13”的光饱和点;在多云天气条件下田间光伏板下的光照强度变化与晴天相似;雨天的光照强度总体上略高于甘薯的光补偿点。与对照相比,光伏板遮阴处理的甘薯叶片净光合速率和气孔导度显著下降,胞间CO2浓度显著增加;植株单株总叶面积显著下降,“心香”“浙薯13”“浙薯77”分别下降18.94%、45.54%和56.26%,单位面积叶片质量也明显下降;3个甘薯品种的干物质积累趋势与对照一致,但总量显著下降,单位面积产量分别下降39.25%、33.70%和23.60%,总产以品种“心香”最高。本研究表明,设置光伏板对田间光照强度和甘薯生长有一定的不良影响,但单位面积的经济效益极显著增加,生产上可以通过增加种植密度、适当增施肥料等减少作物减产。综上表明,光伏发电和农作物生产耦合系统具有较好的推广前景。


关键词: 农田,  光伏板构架,  光照强度,  甘薯,  生长,  产量 
Fig. 1 Assembly structure of photovoltaic panels (A) and field implementation (B) in the agro-photovoltaic integrating system
Fig. 2 Distribution of light intensity measurement point in the agro-photovoltaic integrating system
Fig. 3 Effects of establishment of photovoltaic panels on field illumination under different weather conditions
Fig. 4 Changes of net photosynthetic rate (Pn) of sweet potato leaves along with PPFD (21 June 2016)

品种

Cultivar

处理

Treatment

净光合速率

Pn/(μmol/(m2?s))

气孔导度

Gs/(mol/(m2?s))

胞间CO2浓度

Ci/(μmol/mol)

蒸腾速率

Tr/(mmol/(m2?s))

叶片温度

LT/℃

浙薯77

ZS77

CK 19.30±1.66a 0.34±0.064c 330.44±12.49c 2.21±0.17b 23.75±0.24b
遮阴Shading 15.26±2.03b 0.33±0.057c 353.26±6.77b 2.37±0.16b 24.27±0.16a

心香

Xx

CK 18.76±0.75a 0.72±0.093a 381.39±4.87a 3.21±0.16a 23.47±0.12c
遮阴Shading 15.89±2.19b 0.58±0.028b 382.36±9.04a 3.40±0.09a 24.47±0.04a
Table 1 Leaf photosynthetic parameter analysis of different sweet potato cultivars under the photovoltaic panel shading treatment (23 October 2015)
Fig. 5 Effects of photovoltaic panel shading on leaf area of sweet potato per plant (2016)
Fig. 6 Effects of photovoltaic panel shading on dry matter accumulation of sweet potato (2016)

品种

Cultivar

处理

Treatment

小区产量

Plot yield/kg

大田产量Field yield/(kg/667 m2) 减产量Reduced yield/(kg/667 m2) 减产率Reduced rate/%

浙薯13

ZS13

CK 33.84±2.83a 1 489.99
遮阴 Shading 22.44±1.54b 987.91 502.08 33.70

浙薯77

ZS77

CK 19.87±1.45a 874.83
遮阴 Shading 15.18±0.92b 668.40 206.43 23.60

心香

Xx

CK 36.56±2.73a 1 609.65
遮阴 Shading 22.21±1.92b 977.83 631.82 39.25
Table 2 Effects of photovoltaic panel shading on yield of sweet potato (2016)
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