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浙江大学学报（农业与生命科学版）
浙江大学学报（农业与生命科学版）  2019, Vol. 45 Issue (2): 205-210    DOI: 10.3785/j.issn.1008-9209.2018.03.262
资源利用与环境保护     
胶体磷在3种类型土壤中的迁移阻滞
何霜1(),李发永1,刘子闻1,王志荣2,吴珊珊1,张天昱1,曹玉成3,梁新强1()
1. 浙江大学环境与资源学院，杭州 310058
2. 浙江省农业生态与能源办公室，杭州 310029
3. 浙江农林大学环境与资源学院，杭州 311300
Retarding effect of migration of colloidal phosphorus in three types of soil
Shuang HE1(),Fayong LI1,Ziwen LIU1,Zhirong WANG2,Shanshan WU1,Tianyu Zhang1,Yucheng Cao3,Xingqiang Liang1()
1. College of Environmental and Resource Sciences, Zhejiang University,Hangzhou 310058, China
2. Office of Zhejiang Agricultural Ecology and Energy, Hangzhou 310029, China
3. College of Environmental and Resource Sciences, Zhejiang Agriculture and Forestry University, Hangzhou 311300, China
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摘要：

农田中磷素的流失是水体富营养化的重要原因之一，而胶体又是磷素从土壤向河流等水体转移的重要形式，因此，阻止胶体磷从土壤向水体流失对控制水体富营养化至关重要。本研究通过动态土柱法测定胶体磷在水稻土、菜地土与茶园土中的阻滞系数，从而研究不同质地土壤对胶体磷流失的影响，并通过向土壤中加入不同量（0%、0.05%和0.1%）的聚丙烯酰胺（polyacrylamide, PAM）研究其对胶体磷的阻控效果。结果表明：在未施加PAM的对照组中，砂粒含量最高的菜地土对胶体磷的阻滞效果最小，阻滞系数只有6.397，而砂粒含量最少的稻田土对胶体磷的阻控效果最佳,阻滞系数为9.915；实验组与对照组相比，在菜地土、茶园土和稻田土3种供试土壤中分别施加0.05%和0.1%的PAM后，土壤对胶体磷的阻滞系数分别增大了58.3%、46.8%、26.5%和87.7%、67.1%、60.4%。这表明PAM可以显著增加土壤对胶体磷的阻滞系数，具有显著的胶体磷阻控效果。
关键词： 胶体磷;  阻滞系数;  聚丙烯酰胺;  土壤    
Abstract:

Loss of phosphorus in farmland is an important cause of eutrophication in water environment, and colloids are an important form of phosphorus transported from soils to rivers and other water bodies. Therefore, it is very important to control the loss of colloidal phosphorus in soil. In this study, a dynamic soil column method was used to determine the retardation coefficient of colloidal phosphorus migration in paddy soil, vegetable soil and tea soil, and the control effect of colloidal phosphorus migration was studied by applying different levels (0%, 0.05% and 0.1%) of polyacrylamide (PAM). The results showed that in the control group without PAM, vegetable soil with the highest sand content had the lowest retarding effect against colloidal phosphorus migration, and the retardation coefficient (R d) was 6.397; and the control effect of paddy soil with the smallest sand content against colloidal phosphorus migration was optimal (R d=9.915). Compared with the control group, after applying 0.05% and 0.1% PAM in the three tested soils (vegetable soil, tea soil, paddy soil), the retardation coefficient of soil colloidal phosphorus increased by 58.3%, 46.8%, 26.5% and 87.7%, 67.1%, 60.4%, respectively, indicating that the application of PAM can significantly increase the control effect of soil against colloidal phosphorus migration and reduce the risk of colloidal phosphorus loss.
Key words: colloidal phosphorus    retardation coefficient    polyacrylamide    soil
收稿日期: 2018-03-26 出版日期: 2019-04-25
CLC:  X 506  
基金资助: 浙江省自然科学基金杰出青年科学基金(LR16B070001);国家自然科学基金优秀青年科学基金(41522108)
通讯作者: 梁新强     E-mail: heshuang@zju.edu.cn;liang410@zju.edu.cn
作者简介: 何霜（https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5591-8730），E-mail： heshuang@zju.edu.cn|梁新强（https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3521-9761），E-mail： liang410@zju.edu.cn
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引用本文:

何霜,李发永,刘子闻,王志荣,吴珊珊,张天昱,曹玉成,梁新强. 胶体磷在3种类型土壤中的迁移阻滞[J]. 浙江大学学报（农业与生命科学版）, 2019, 45(2): 205-210.

Shuang HE,Fayong LI,Ziwen LIU,Zhirong WANG,Shanshan WU,Tianyu Zhang,Yucheng Cao,Xingqiang Liang. Retarding effect of migration of colloidal phosphorus in three types of soil. Journal of Zhejiang University (Agriculture and Life Sciences), 2019, 45(2): 205-210.

链接本文:

http://www.zjujournals.com/agr/CN/10.3785/j.issn.1008-9209.2018.03.262    或    http://www.zjujournals.com/agr/CN/Y2019/V45/I2/205

指标

Index

水稻土

Paddy soil

茶园土

Tea soil

菜地土

Vegetable soil

w（黏粒）

Clay content/%

 24.5 21.6 19.1

w（粉粒）

Silt content/%

 40.7 39.1 31.7

w（砂粒）

Sand content/%

 34.8 39.3 49.2
pH 6.63 5.19 5.92

w（总磷）

Total P content/(g/kg)

 0.36±0.01 0.60±0.03 0.70±0.08

w（胶体磷）

Colloidal P content/(mg/kg)

 2.43±0.22 10.01±1.21 12.30±2.36
表1  供试土壤的基本理化性质
图1  土柱淋溶实验装置
图2  不同PAM施加量下3种土壤淋溶液中胶体磷的质量浓度
图3   NaCl在3种类型土壤中的穿透曲线
图4  在不同PAM施加水平下土壤中胶体磷的穿透曲线
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